What are suppositories?
Definition:
Suppositories are a term given to a solid dose unit that is inserted into the body and there it dissolves and gives a local or systemic effect. The name of the suppositories was derived from the Latin word (supponere) meaning palce under.
Types of suppositories according to the place of use:
- Rctally
- Vaginally ( pessaries )
- Urethral ( bougies )
- Nasal ( bougies )
- Ear ( ear cones )
Therapeutic uses:
A) rectal ( locally ): Some types of suppositories are used topically, and this depends on the nature of the drug, concentration, absorption rate, and target location. Examples of topical suppositories are: Emollients, local anesthetics, anti-bacterial, and astringents. For example, in cases of constipation, topical rectal suppositories can be used, such as laxative and glycerin suppositories these suppositories work on local irritation of the mucous membranes.
B) vaginal ( locally ): Most vaginal suppositories are used as a contraceptive and antiseptic in ferminine hygiene.
C) rectal ( systemic ): Some rectal suppositories, such as paracetamol or diclofenac suppositories, are used as a systemic use for the body by inserting this suppository into the rectum, then it is dissolved and absorbed through the mucous membranes, to be then distributed in the body through the blood.
D) vaginal ( systemic): Not used much (rarely used)
For systemic action: the mucous membranes of the rectum and vagina allow absorption of soluble drugs.