Cholinergic antagonist to treat asthma part 5
Classification:
- Short acting:
Ipratropium .
- Long acting:
Aclidinium , Bromide , Tiotropium .
Mechanism of action :
- The muscarinic antagonist (cholinergic) works by preventing the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine and adenosine, Enhance their breakdown by enzyme cyclic GMP receptors, because the binding of these neurotransmitters leads to the occurrence of bronchospasm in the bronchi, so contraction does not occur.
Pharmacological action :
- B2 adrenergic agonist drugs are considered first line treatment for asthma, and this type is not recommended as a first line of defense because of its side effects, and it is not recommended except in the event of tolerance or lack of response to the B2 agonist.
Uses :
- It is sometimes used in cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma .
Side effects:
- cholinergic effects are almost reduced when used only by inhaler, except for the method of use, as usual, blurred vision, irregular heartbeat, and severe constipation will occur.
- In addition, the cholinergic antagonist is notoriously bad at stabbing.
Contraindication:
- The cholinergic antagonist, both short and long acting, is considered a second line after the B2 agonist in combination with cortisone.
- It is forbidden with heart patients because it increases the heart rate, which leads to a rise in blood pressure, so it should be avoided .
- It can indirectly affect some patients with glaucoma and lead to worsening of the condition .