Anti-hypertensive ( ACE inhibitors)
Abbreviation of ACE i:
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.
Drugs:
Benazepril
Captopril
Enalapril
Fosinopril
Lisinopril
Moexipril
Quinapril
Perindopril
Ramipril
Trandolapril
Mechanism of action:
When the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE i) is inhibited in the body, angiotensin I will not be converted into angiotensin II , when this process is stopped, the adrenal glands will not be stimulated to release aldosterone, which in turn is based on water and sodium retention in the kidneys thus, blood pressure will be reduced, and this is the main goal for this medicine.
Pharmacological action:
These drugs dilate both arterioles and veins, so the work of the heart is reduced due to a reduction in both preload and afterload. These drugs also help prevent angina, myocardial infarction, and cardiac failure because these drugs do not increase myocardial contractility.
These drugs are used in hypertensive patients with:
Diabetes
High coronary disease risk
Heart failure
Myocardial infarction
Stroke
Chronic kidney disease
Side effect:
- Dry cough ( These medicines cause dry cough due to an increase in the level of bradykinin in the lung)
- Hypotension
- Angioedema
- Hyperkalemia
- Altered taste
- Rash
- Fever
Contraindications:
Pregnant and lactating women should not use angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors because fetal malformations may occur.