Adrenergic agonist Non selective Alfa 1 and Alfa 2 oxymetazoline ( pharmacological action , uses , side effect , precaution////// +////// selective Alfa 1 receptor agonist phenylephrine (pharmacological action , uses , side effect ,) ////+///// selective Alfa 2 receptor agonist clonidine

 


Adrenergic agonist Non selective Alfa 1 and Alfa 2 oxymetazoline ( pharmacological action , uses , side effect , precaution////// +////// selective Alfa 1 receptor agonist phenylephrine (pharmacological action , uses , side effect ,) ////+///// selective Alfa 2 receptor agonist clonidine

Pharmacological action of oxymetazoline :

It selective on Alfa 1 receptor , which is present in blood vessel of the nose and eyes , where it make contractions to relieve congestion . eye redness causes by vasodilation

Uses of oxymetazoline :

  • In cold cases to remove congestion .
  • Eye redness related to chlorine during swimming pools or shampooing during a bath .
  • This is only due to the effect on alpha 1 .

Side effect of oxymetazoline :

Frequent sneezing , burning sensation in the nose , dryness of the throat and nose , so it is not used for more than five days , more congestion and rebound of symptoms with greater intensity than before .

 

Selective Alfa 1 receptor  Phenylephrine :

Pharmacological action of phenylephrine :

 it dose not affect the heart directly , but in the cases of systole and diastole in blood pressure , especially since it is given by injection , but it dos not have any reflex effect bradycardia

 

Uses of phenylephrine :

 often like norepinephrine from given in emergency and hospital , in addition to ophthalamic solution for contraction eye .

 

Side effect of phenylephrine :

 sleep problems , insomnia , irregular heart rate .

Precaution of phenylephrine :

  •  it can bother people who have asthma   .
  • it is prohibited for people who have problems with the heart and blood circulation
  •  rout of administration ( orally and topically ) .


 selective Alfa 2 receptor clonidine :

pharmacological action of clonidine : 

this drug acts on the Alfa 2 receptor , and from it will reduce the release of norepinephrine and other motor transmission of signals for sympathetic states .

 

used of clonidine :

  •  reduces symptoms in the event of a sudden withdrawal from certain countries
  • , person who suddenly stops smooking
  • In cases narcotic drugs that give a feeling of euphoria and happiness its used as antidote
  • Choice of high blood pressure .

 

Side effect : 

dry mouth , fatigue .

Precaution :

  •  caution should be taken against abrupt discontinuation of the drug
  • Its considered safe for pregnant women n

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