Non selective Alfa and beta Agonist > ephedrine and pseudoephedrine ( pharmacological action , uses , side effect , contraindication )
Ph. Action :
- · On CVS : we give a certain dose , so that it dose not go on Alfa 2 receptor , mostly work on Alfa 1 and Beta 1 receptor . the pseudoephedrine has low affinity on beta 2 receptor . this is leading to stimulate of cardiac muscle causing vasoconstriction and increase in blood pressure by raise both heart movement systolic and diastolic .
- · On lung : just affected by ephedrine by working on beta 2 receptor which found in bronchial and bronchiolar tub , the ephedrine has bronchodilator effect less than epinephrine .
- · On CNS : ephedrine make as stimulation for central nervous system and it can cross it , pseudoephedrine has low stimulation effect so it can not cross central nervous , the Alfa 1 receptors are responsible for giving a result .
Uses of ephedrine :
- it is a hypophilic agent .
- in cases low blood pressure .
- to expand the airways .
- to increase attention .
- decrease sleeping and disturbance .
- it strengthens the performance of sports players .
- decrease lethargy .
Uses of pseudoephedrine :
- mostly in cases of cold .
- used orally .
- not used as bronchodilator .
- prevent the formation of mucus coming from the nose .
- nasal congestion .
side effect :
such as dopamine and other drug non selective Alfa and Beta .
contraindication :
- both of these drugs feature ephedrine and pseudoephedrine characteristic as long duration action because it is not affected by inhibitor agent , so no breaking will not happen ( they are not from the same dopamine , epinephrine and norepinephrine .
- cold medicines are often taken every 12 hours , like pseudoephedrine .
- · ephedrine was discovered from plants by chance , the food and drug administration pulled it from the market , because if affected the heart due secretion and they also used as cannabis .
- pseudoephedrine is now illegal because it increases feeling of happiness due ( methamphetamine ) and abnormal activity .